Biology for Life

  Skyline High School IB Biology

 
 

  Units of Study

Science of Biology
Prokaryotic Cells
Eukaryotic Cells
Basics of Biochemistry
DNA and Electrophoresis
Cell Cycle & DNA Replication
Protein Synthesis & Mutations
Protein Structure & Function
Genetic Technology
Viruses
Classification & Phylogenies
Diversity of Life
Theoretical Genetics
Meiosis and Reproduction
Variation and Evolution
Origins and Speciation
Human Evolution
Ecosystems & Energy Flow
Circulatory system
Respiratory system
Cellular Respiration
Photosynthesis
Digestion
The Kidney 
The Liver
Skeletal System
Immune System
Endocrine System
The Nervous System
Nutrient Cycles
Human Effects
Communities & Succession
Earth's Biomes
Diversity and Conservation
Population Dynamics
Population Genetics
Plant structure and Growth
Plant Transport
Angiosperm Reproduction
Enzyme Action
Muscles and Movement
Behavior

 

 

 

 

 

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Assessment Statements:

3.1.1

State that the most frequently occurring chemical elements in living things are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen. 

 

3.1.2

State that a variety of other elements are needed by living organisms, including sulfur, calcium, phosphorus, iron and sodium. 

 

3.1.3

State one role for each of the elements mentioned in 3.1.2. 

 

3.2.1

Distinguish between organic and inorganic compounds. 

 

3.2.5

(DONE TWO TIMES)

Outline the role of condensation and hydrolysis in the relationships between monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides; between fatty acids, glycerol and triglycerides; and between amino acids and polypeptides. 

 

3.1.4

Draw and label a diagram showing the structure of water molecules to show their polarity and hydrogen bond formation. 

 

3.1.5

Outline the thermal, cohesive and solvent properties of water. 

 

3.1.6

Explain the relationship between the properties of water and its uses in living organisms as a coolant, medium for metabolic reactions and transport medium.

 

3.2.2

DONE TWO TIMES

Identify amino acids, glucose, ribose and fatty acids from diagrams showing their structure

 

3.2.3  

List three examples each of monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides. 

 

3.2.4

State one function of glucose, lactose and glycogen in animals, and of fructose, sucrose and cellulose in plants. 

 

3.2.6

State three functions of lipids. 

 

3.2.7

Compare the use of carbohydrates and lipids in energy storage. 

 

 

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What You Should Be Able to Do:

Basics of Biochemistry

  • Describe the structure of an atom (in terms of protons, neutrons and electrons).

  • List the four major types of bio-molecules.

  • Contrast ion with atom.

  • Define anion and cation.

  • Describe the functions of the most common elements found in living organisms. 

  • What is meant by “trace elements?”  What are common trace elements in living organisms?

  • Contrast covalent, ionic and hydrogen bonds. 

  • Describe condensation (dehydration synthesis) and hydrolysis reactions.

  • Draw the condensation (dehydration synthesis) and hydrolysis reactions for the formation of a disaccharide and a glyceride.

  • Define monomer and polymer.

Water

  • Contrast adhesion with cohesion.

  • Write the molecular formula for water and draw the atomic structure of the molecule.

  • Describe the cause and effect of the polar nature of water.

  • Describe where and how water is able to form hydrogen bonds.

  • Why does it take so much energy to change the temperature of water? 

  • What are the benefits to life of waters high heat capacity?

  • Why is water such a good solvent?  What types of molecules will it dissolve?

  • Why is the transparency of water important for all life?

Carbohydrates

  • Draw the ring structure of glucose and ribose.

  • Know how to number the carbons in the ring structure of glucose and ribose.

  • Define isomer.

  • List and give the function of two examples for each of monosaccharide, disaccharides and polysaccharides.

  • What is the generalized chemical formula of the carbohydrates (ratio between the numbers of C, O and H)? 

  • Contrast the structure and functions of cellulose, starch and glycogen.

  • Know the number of carbon atoms in a hexose and a pentose.

Lipids

  • Draw the structure of glycerol and a generalized fatty acid.

  • State three functions of lipids.

  • List and identify the molecular structure of the common types of lipids.

  • Contrast HDL with LDL.

  • Identify and describe the difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids.

  • From what sources are saturated and unsaturated fatty acids commonly found?

  • Identify and describe the difference between cis- and trans- fats.

  • List and identify the major parts of the phospholipid molecule.

  • Describe why the head of a phospholipid is hydrophilic.

  • Identify a monoglyceride, diglyceride and triglyceride.

  • Identify the sterol fats based on their molecular structure.

  • Compare energy storage of lipids with that of carbohydrates.

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Class Activities:

Basics of Biochemistry notes

Water station demos and notes

Water review WS

Carbohydrates notes

Carbohydrates WS

Carbohydrates model building

Lipids notes

Lipids WS

Lipids model building

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Key Terms:

Basics of Biochemistry

matter

element

trace element

proton

neutron

electron

covalent bond

polar

ionic bond

ion

cation

anion

hydrogen bond

organic

monomer

polymer

condensation (AKA dehydration synthesis)

hydrolysis

carbohydrate

lipid

nucleic acid

protein

Water

hydrophilic

adhesion

density

capillary action

solvent

solute

cohesion

surface tension

 

Carbohydrates

carbohydrate

monosaccharide

disaccharide

polysaccharide

pentose

hexose

ribose

glucose

fructose

isomer

maltose

sucrose

lactose

starch

gylcogen

cellulose

chitin

 

 

 

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Helpful Links:

Water

http://www.nsf.gov/news/special_reports/water/index.jsp

http://www.visionlearning.com/library/module_viewer.php?mid=57  

http://www.sciencefriday.com/videos/watch/10177/

 

Macromolecules General

http://faculty.nl.edu/jste/biochem.htm

 

Carbohydrates

http://www.wisc-online.com/objects/index_tj.asp?objID=AP1310...

 

Fats

http://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/obesity/molfat/index.html

http://www.wisc-online.com/objects/index_tj.asp?objid=AP13204


 

 

 

 

 

 

   
   
"When we tug at a simple thing in nature, we find it attached to the rest of the world."  John Muir