Biology for Life

  Skyline High School IB Biology

 
 

  Units of Study

Science of Biology
Prokaryotic Cells
Eukaryotic Cells
Basics of Biochemistry
DNA and Electrophoresis
Cell Cycle & DNA Replication
Protein Synthesis & Mutations
Protein Structure & Function
Genetic Technology
Viruses
Classification & Phylogenies
Diversity of Life
Theoretical Genetics
Meiosis and Reproduction
Variation and Evolution
Origins and Speciation
Human Evolution
Ecosystems & Energy Flow
Circulatory system
Respiratory system
Cellular Respiration
Muscles and Movement
Digestion
The Kidney 
The Liver
Skeletal System
Immune System
Endocrine System
The Nervous System
Nutrient Cycles
Human Effects
Communities & Succession
Earth's Biomes
Diversity and Conservation
Population Dynamics
Population Genetics
Plant structure and Growth
Plant Transport
Angiosperm Reproduction
Enzyme Action
Photosynthesis
Behavior

 

 

 

 

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Assessment Statements:

  2.3.4

Compare prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

 

2.3.1 

Draw and label a diagram of the ultrastructure of a liver cell as an example of an animal cell.  I am providing a diagram for you to tape into your book, so you don’t need to draw it.  But, you do need to label the structures.  You should be able to label:

  • Rough ER

  • Cell membrane

  • Cytoplasm

  • Golgi

  • Mitochondria

  • Nuclear envelope

  • Nucleus

  • Nucleolus

  • Smooth ER

  • Lysosome

  • Flagella

  • Cilia (not on a real liver cell)

  • Vesicle

  • Ribosome

  • Cytoskeleton

2.3.2

Annotate the diagram from 2.3.1 with the functions of each named structure.

 

2.3.3

Identify structures from 2.3.1 in electron micrographs of liver cells.

This is much harder than labeling a diagram. You may or may not be able to identify all the structures that you were able to in the diagram.  I’ve also included a plant cell diagram for you to tape into your book and label.  The words for labeling the plant cell are typed underneath the picture.

 

2.3.5

State three differences between plant and animal cells.

 

2.3.6

Outline two roles of extracellular components.

 

2.4.7 

Explain how vesicles are used to transport materials within a cell between the rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and plasma membrane.

This one is asking you to explain the endomembrane system.  You should also mention the cytoskeleton as the track on which organelles move.

 

2.1.6 Explain the importance of the surface area to volume ratio as a factor limiting cell size.
2.4.1

Draw and label a diagram to show the structure of membranes.  DIAGRAM PROVIDED

2.4.2 Explain how the hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties of phospholipids help to maintain the structure of cell membranes.
2.4.3 List the functions of membrane proteins.
2.4.8 Describe how the fluidity of the membrane allows it to change shape, break and re-form during endocytosis and exocytosis.

 

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What You Should Be Able to Do:

  • Compare prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

  • Identify and know the functions of the following structures of a eukaryotic cell

o        Rough ER

o        Cell membrane

o        Cytoplasm

o        Golgi

o        Mitochondria

o        Nuclear envelope

o        Nucleus

o        Nucleolus

o        Smooth ER

o        Lysosome

o        Flagella

o        Cilia

o        Vesicle

o        Ribosome

o        Cytoskeleton

  • Know three differences between plant and animal cells.

  • Outline two roles of extracellular components.

  • Explain how the structures of the endomemebrane system vesicles are used to create and transport materials within and out of a cell.

  • Compare the ultimate destination of proteins made by free ribosomes and bound ribosomes

  • Describe the evidence for the endosymbiotic theory for the origin of eukaryotes.

  • Know the structure of the phospholipid molecule

  • Compare hydrophilic and hydrophobic

  • Contrast the fluidity, structure and source of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids.

  • Describe the role of cholesterol in membrane fluidity.

  • Identify structures on a diagram of the membrane, including the phospholipid head, tails, cholesterol, integral proteins and peripheral proteins.

  • Explain the roles of membrane bound proteins in the cell.

  • Calculate surface area and volume of a cube.

  • Explain the relationship between surface area and volume of a cell as a limiting factor of cell size.

  • List cellular adaptations for increasing surface area

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Class Activities:

Plant cell diagram coloring

Animal cell diagram coloring

Prokaryote vs eukaryotes

Eukaryote cell structure

The endomembrane system notes

Membrane structure notes

Surface area to volume mini-lab

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Key Terms:

prokaryote

eukaryote

naked

plasmid

nucleoid

nucleus

mitochondria

chloroplast

binary fission

mitosis

plasma membrane

mesosome

ribosome

organelle

cytoskeleton

diffusion

vesicle

peptidogylcan

cellulose

chitin

flagella

archaea

eubacteria

protoctista

plant

animal

fungi

     

 

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Helpful Links:

Endomembrane System Links: one and two and three and four

Video of cells in action

Video of vesicles

 

 

   
   
"When we tug at a simple thing in nature, we find it attached to the rest of the world."  John Muir