1.1.U1 According to the cell theory, living organisms are composed of cells.
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1.1.U2 Unicellular organisms carry out all functions of life.
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1.1.U3 Cell Surface to volume is an important limitation to cell size.
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1.1.U4 Multicellular organisms have properties that emerge due to the interaction of their cellular components.
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1.1.U5 Specialized tissues can develop by cell differentiation in multicellular organisms.
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1.1.U6 Differentiation involves the expressions of some genes and not others in a cell’s genome.
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1.1.U7 The capacity of stem cells to divide and differentiate along different pathways is necessary in embryonic development and also makes stem cells suitable for therapeutic uses.
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1.1.A1 Questioning the cell theory using atypical examples, including striated muscle, giant algae and aseptate fungal hyphae.
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1.1.A2 Investigation of functions of life in Paramecium and one named photosynthetic unicellular organism.
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1.1.A3 Use of stem cells to treat Stargardt’s disease and one other named condition.
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1.1.A4 Ethics of the therapeutic use of stem cells from specially created embryos, from the umbilical cord blood of a newborn baby and from an adult’s own tissues.
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1.1.S1 Use of a light microscope to investigate the structure of cells and tissues. Practical 1
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1.1.S2 Drawing of cell structures as seen with the light microscope.
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1.1.S3 Calculation of the magnification of drawings and the actual size of structures and ultrastructures shown in drawings or micrographs.
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1.1.NOS1 Looking for trends and discrepancies- although most organisms conform to cell theory, there are exceptions.
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1.1.NOS2 Ethical implications of research- research involving stem cells is growing in importance and raises ethical issues.
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