Essential Idea: Immunity is based on recognition of self and destruction of foreign material.
- Outline answer to each objective statement for topic 11.1 (coming soon)
- Quizlet study set for this topic (coming soon)
At SHS, Topic 11.1 is taught in the following class unit(s):
Statements & Objectives:
11.1.U1 Every organism has unique molecules on the surface of its cells.
- Define antigen.
- List example antigen molecules.
11.1.U2 B lymphocytes are activated by T lymphocytes in mammals.
- Explain the “challenge and response” mechanism of specific immunity.
- Describe activation of helper T lymphocytes by the macrophage.
- Describe activation of B cell lymphocytes by the helper T cells.
11.1.U3 Plasma cells secrete antibodies.
- Outline the structure and function of plasma B cells.
11.1U4 Activated B cells multiply to form clones of plasma cells and memory cells.
- Describe clonal selection of plasma B cells.
11.4.U5 Antibodies aid the destruction of pathogens.
- Outline four modes of antibody action.
11.1.U6 Immunity depends upon the persistence of memory cells.
- Define immunity.
- State two mechanisms of immunity.
- Explain the differences between the primary and secondary immune responses.
11.1.U7 Vaccines contain antigens that trigger immunity but do not cause the disease.
- Explain the principle of vaccination.
11.1.U8 Pathogens can be species-specific although others can cross species barriers.
- Outline mechanisms that prevent some pathogens from crossing species.
- Define zoonosis.
- List three examples of zoonotic diseases.
11.1.U9 White cells release histamine in response to allergens.
- State the source and function of histamine proteins.
11.1.U10 Histamines cause allergic symptoms.
- List allergic symptoms caused by histamines.
- State the function of an anti-histamine.
11.1.U11 Fusion of a tumor cell with an antibody-producing plasma cell creates a hybridoma cell.
- Explain the production of hybridoma cells.
11.1.U12 Monoclonal antibodies are produced by hybridoma cells.
- Define “monoclonal antibody.”
- Describe the production of monoclonal antibodies in hybridoma cells.
- Outline the use of monoclonal antibodies in diagnosis and treatment.
11.1.A1 Antigens on the surface of red blood cells stimulate antibody production in a person with a different blood group.
- Outline the difference between the ABO blood antigens.
- State the fours human ABO blood types.
- Describe the consequence of mismatched blood transfusions, including agglutination and hemolysis.
11.1.A2 Smallpox was the first infectious disease of humans to have been eradicated by vaccination.
- Describe the global initiative used to eradicate smallpox.
11.1.A3 Monoclonal antibodies to HCG are used to pregnancy test kits.
- Describe a pregnancy test strip works, including the role of free and immobilized monoclonal antibodies.
11.1.S1 Analysis of epidemiological data related to vaccination programs.
- Define epidemiology.
- Outline the role of an epidemiologist in vaccination programs.
11.1.NOS Consider ethical implications of research- Jenner tested his vaccine for smallpox in a child.
- Describe how Jenner tested his smallpox vaccine.
- List reasons when Jenner’s test would not be approved today.